Milling machine



F. c. ALKLEN MILL NG MACHINE Filed Au 7, 1.922- a sheeas -s eat 1 ATTORNEY 1 May 3, 1927.

F. C. ALLEN MILLING menu's Filed Auziv, 1922 a Sheets-Sheet 2- May 3,1927. 1,626,590

F. C. ALLEN v MILLING MACHINE Filed Aug. '7, 1922 8 Sheets-Shed 3 m 7 2 II lllllllll n ATTORNEY 1,626,590 F. c. ALLEN MILLING MACHINE Filed Aug. 7, 1922 I 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 May 3,1921.

INVE NTOR 10- 4 x yr gweew ATTORNEY May 3,1927. 626,590 F. C. ALLEN MILLING MACHINE a smu -Shea 5 Filed Au. '7, 1922 v a mezw QY e P139? ATTORNEY May 3,- 1927. I 1,626,59 0

v F. c. ALLEN MILLING MACHINE .Filed Aug. '7, 1922 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 BY- w ATTORNEY F. c. ALLEN failL-LING moama Filed Aura. '7,

L. 5552mm ATTORNEY May- 3,1927. I F. c. ALLEN MILLING MACHINE Filed Aug. 7, 1922' a sheets sheei a Patented May a, 1927., l

UNITED/STAT FREDERICK COMFANY, OF NEW YORK,

C. ALLEN, 0F HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,

AssIcnon 'ro riae'rr & WHITNEY N. Y., A CQBBOBATION'OF NEWUEBSEY,

MILLING iuAcIIm'n.

Application filed August 7,

v This invention relates generally to metal working machines of both-the reciprocating .and rotary type and especially to milling machines, as illustrated in theaccompany- 5 ing drawings.

The primary provide in a single construction a" 4 capable 1 of operating types of milling machines. .lustrated in the drawings may be object of the invention is to machine.

The machine ilused as a f-plain reciprocating milling machine of the ordinary type or asan automatic machine with automatic fast and slow-speeds. in the forward directionanda rapid-speed in the backward or traversing direction; as a ro- -tary lnllllIlg-HlfiClllIlG, the same change gears f and automatic features Oftll reciprocating I mechanism being used for rotating the table;

or as a milling maehine'of the combined 26 reciprocatingand indexing type,- this last combinationv comprising a" reciprocating and rotary work support preferably including a reeiprocatory slide having a work-support or table rotatably mounted thereon, the table being indexed upon and synchronously with the backward stroke of the slide in amanner to prevent marring of the'finished 'work and to bring an unmilled piece of work in front of the milling cutter ready for a milling op- '30 eration thereon, the operations being con-- tinuous and automatic and the operator being required only to remove the finished pieces of work and mount unmilled-pieces in their stead. I

It is accordinglyan object of the invention to provide a machine of the type stated adapted to be used either as a linear or as a rotary milling machine. V

.It is an object of the invention to provide .a machine of the type stated with an automatic table reciprocating mechanism including an improved arrangement of clutches and means including a rotary dog wheel driven from the table reciprocating mechanism for directly and automatically operating the clutches.

Another object of the invention is to provide a milling machine of the reciprocating and indexing type with means including a lurality of clutches and controlling mechanism therefor for automatically indexing the work support synchronously with and on the backward stroke thereof whereby to keep the cutter positioned between two adyaceut pieces of work.

[ table.

as any one of several I my -struction and operation set forth in the "folillustrated in the taken approximately on 1922. Serial N0. 580,196. I

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of the type last stated with means for varying the amount of table index ng movement whereby to operateona varied number of work pieces secured to the Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of the type last stated with means for varying the indexing speed of the table relative to its reciprocating speed whereby to provideproperclearance, of the cutter between adjacent work pieces of variou's shapes and sizes.

\Vith the above and'othcr objects in view,

invention consists in the features of conlowing specification and accompanying drawings. annexed hereto and specification, I have embodied ina milling ma hine of the knee type-but it will be understood that the invention can be otherwise embodied and that the In such drawings forming a part of this drawings are not to be construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention, the claims appended to this specification being relied upon for that purpose."

Referring to the figures of the drawings:

Figures 1 and 2. are side and front elevations, respectively, comprising the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the work support and its operating mechanism. certain portions thereof being shown in section.

Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of a the locking means for the table.

Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse section taken on line H of Fig. 6 and through the work support.

' Fig. 5 section.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken approximately on line 66 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 but showing the gearing and other mechanism beneath that shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary taken approximately on line and 6.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary taken approximately on line and 6.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary vertical section line 10-10 of Figs.

part of is an end view thereof partially in vertical section 9-9 of Figs. 5

5, 6 and 7.

shown my nvention as 7 of a milling machine i 8-8 of Figs. 5 7

vertical section other Parts in section.

Fig.v 11' is a' fragmentary detail view showing the operation of one of the controllin dogs onthe dogwheel.

ig.,12-is a fragmentary elevation partially in section on line 12-12 of Fig. 5.v

' Fig. -13'is a diagrammatic view of the the various gearing and automatic controlling mechanisms in'the knee serve either to gearing and controlling mechanism.

' Fig. 14 shows diagrammatically the wor support and milling cutter in a series of relative positions occupied during the. backward traversing and indexing movement of the support;

work supportand milling cutter a different series of .relative positions "resulting from the difi'erentrelative movements necessary to keep the cutter positioned between adjacent ieces of work, .which'work-pieces are of a ifl'e'rent' size and shape from those shown in Fig. 14. j Referring to the drawings by reference characters, 1 indicates the column and 2 the. base of a 'millin machine comprising my invention; A mi ling supported on a spiiid e 4 mounted in the column and an end bearing 5 on an over-arm construction '6. This over-arm construction comprises the subject matter of my Patent No. 1,543,242 granted June 23, 1925. The

work is adaptedto be mounted on a support .for table 7 ona'vertically adjustable knee 8. -Th'e cutter is adapted to be operated from a power pulley 9 and a telescopic shaft 10 I provides a driving connection to the table ated by a shaft 13. A saddle 14is adjustable on ways 15 by means of a screw 16 journaled in abr'acket 17. A gear. box 18 and an oilreservoir19 are supported respectively at the ends of the saddle. A slide or carriage 20 is mounted for reciprocation on' .Ways 21 of-the saddle. 14 and the work support or -table 7 is rotatably'mountedon the slide. The slide is preferably provided with an oil trough 22 therearound as illustrated-and the.v table is supported on acircumferential bear-v ing 23 on the slide and rotatable about a center pin 24 supported therein.

It should be understood 'thatthe and table 7 may be operated either by hand :through --t or power. Such power,'a's illustrated in the accompanying drawings, is derived entirely e telescopic shaft 10' and the ma "chine may be adjusted to perform such 0 era-tions eitherin a semi-automatic or a ful y automatic manner. Gearing and controlling mechanism are provided in the knee for automaticallyreciprocating) the slide on its ways and, with the t Fig. 15 is similar'to Fi 14. but shows .the-

' bac cutter 3 is rotatablyrespectively to be engaged by clutches '37 and-38 splined respectively on. H

in Fig. 13 by ,37and38w1th A clutch gear. 39 on the opposite side of clutch 38 is driven'at a relatively slowspeed 'from'shaft 31 through the A gear 40 onthe shaft 31' meshes with a gear 41 secured to a sleeve 42. This sleeveextends 1 ecured aga nst rotation on the slide, the machine may'beused as a regular automatic milling machine tain minor adjustments the .slide reciproeating mechanism may be set to rotate the ment at this time. In this manner the ma-. chine may be used as a regular rotary milling machine. It should be understood that of the reciprocating type. By makingcer-w table 7 the slide being locked against move-f i reciprocate the slide 20' or to rotate. the

.may furthermore be operated as a milling machine of the reciprocating and indexingtype. As thus operated, the slide is auto- 'matically reciprocated and rotated. The cutting operation takes place during'movementin one direction, and thetable is automaticall indexed synchronously with and on the a-rd stroke of the slide. backward stroke of the slide the table is simultaneously rotated at a predetermined relative speed. The mechanism for During this performing .these several operations will now bedescribed in detail. a

. Slide. reciprocating mechanism. I A main drive'shaft 25' is operated from the telescopic shaft -10. I A pair of worms 26' I and 27 on the shaft-25 mesh respectively withworm wheels 28 and 29 on shafts 30 1 0 and 31 whereby fast and slow rotations respectively are transmitted to such shafts. A gear 32- on the'shaft 30 mesheswith two -gears 33 and 34 loose respectively on clutch shafts 35 and 36. The-inner. ends'of these gears are formed with clutch teeth adapted shafts 35 and 36. Eachof these shafts may therefore be driven rapidly, indicated by the arrows on gears 33 and 34 such gears.

followin gearing.

through the outer portion of the gear box the teeth of v in the directionno I respectively engaging clutches 44, and 46' comprise'the. change gears of pair of gears 4344 an d-45-46 are invertible-for changing the table speed and gears the inner end of shaft 47 meshes with the clutch gear 39. The speed of gear 39 may ..the. machine whereby the cutting S d of e the. table may be varied-as desired. E

lis T v be varied as desired by means ofthe said gear 39, the clutch -1,eae",seo

change gears. The gear 39 rotates in the same direction as gear 34 but at a relatively slower speed. By engaging-clutch 38 with shaft 36 may therefore be driven in the same direction as gear 34 but betransmitted .g 50' is provided with clutch teethadaptcd to :be engaged by clutch '37 to drive the shaft 1'15 i- -(Fi 13). nected to the slide or carriage screw 51 through a friction-driving element 52, gear at a relatively slower speed. A gear 49 with a gear 56 loose on clutch shaft 35. The rotations transmitted to shaft 36 through either gear 34 or 39 may thereby to the gear 50. This gear 35 in the .direction of the arrow on gear 50 The shaft 35 is-operatively con- 53, idler gear 54, and gear55 fixed to the screw.v It will in opposite directions.

be noted that gears 33 and drive The gear 56 rotates .in a direction-to mov the table forwardly I and the gear 33 rotates in a direction to traverse the'table backwardly. The rotation of gear 33 is always rapid whereby the table is alwaystraversed rapidly backward when whatever may-bethe posi- P 'tion of the clutch 38.

with gear 33. The is driven slowly'when clutch 38 is with gear 39 and rapidly when such The clutch gear engaged through the gear thev screw .51 may be r0 tated in a direction and at a. speed to drive at fast and slow speeds wardlyat a rapid speeicll. t e

by are inoperative The clutch 37 may be termed-the forward and backward clutch since it controls the'forward and backward karnovements ofthe table and the clutch 38 may be termed the variable speed clutch since it controls the forward speeds of the 9 table. A d'og' or ta'ppet wheel'mechanism,

4 carriage spec ive y now to'be 'described,.serves tofloperate the clutches'37 and 38 in a fully automatic manner. I

The automatic means for controlling the reciprocating movements areas follows:

by means of clutch yokes 56 and 57 operated respectively by an outer tubular shaft 58 and an inner-tubular shaftg59. fSpring pressed detents 56*and-57gi1ct on 'yokes 56 and 57 'to'assist in fully. engaging j the clutches 37 and 38. .Oscillating levers 60' and 61 are respectively keyed'to the outer ends of shafts 58 and 59 and are adapted to on a rotary I be-engaged and operate'd'by dogs or t'appets dog wheel'or disk 62.. This disk rotatedv from the gear 53 through two gears 63 and 64, worm 65 and worm wheel 66 mounted on thedo wheel shaft. 'tation of the dog w eel being derived fro'in fixed to clutch shaft 36 meshesj sition by means of a spring 61".

- far described 'tion of the arrow. ting movement continues until the dog'70 ens Clutches 37 and 38 are shifted re direction until dog 68 moves clutch 37 This rogear 53, which also drives the carriage feed screw, willcorrespond-in direet onand veloc-ity to the-carria e movements. The gear ratio forfdrivingt 1e disk 62is such asito cause the disk to make slightly less than a';

complete rotation-for the maximum linear stroke of the carriage.- Dogs or tappets67," and 68 adjustably mounted on one side of j the disk and other dogs or tappcts 69 and. Q

adjustably' mounted on'the other sideof the disk. are res actively adapted to engage andopcrate the, eve'rs' 60 and 61.

It will be understood that the positions of the dogs on the-dog wheel depend upon the character of work tobe operated upon. As

illustrated; in 11, the dogs are set to .move the table slowly forward at cutting speed duringthe greater part of its forward stroke. The dog 67 engages clutch 37 with the forwardlydrivmg clutch gear 50. Dog 3" 68 moves clutch 37in the opposite direction to engage the same with the backwardly driving clutch gear 33. Dog 69 engages clutch 38 with slow clutch gear- 39. Dog 70 moves clutch: 38 in" the opposite direction to engage thesame with ytheEfast forward,. clutch gear 34. v v 1 During the operation hereinafter (lescribed, it will be noted that the dog 69'on its inoperative backward stroke in the direction of. the arrow (Fig. 11*) must pass over-the,

engaging pin 61 mounted in the lever 61. For the purpose of. permitting this passage, I slidablyv mount-the pin in the lever and normally hold the same in an outward poengaging surfaces mandy of the dog and the dog by engagementv of the latterthercwith.

in] are beveled'as illustrated in Fi.,'11 whereby the pin will 'bcforced inwardly by The rear The .operationof mechanism as thus is as-follows \Vith the parts in the position shown in F g. 11., clutches 37 and 38 arerespectiv'ely engaged with clutch gears-5O and 39and the table is moving forward at slow. lcutting speed. Such m'ovement rotates the dog wheel 62 in the 'direc-' (Fig. 11'). This slow cutgages lever 61 and shifts clutch v38. from slowgear 39 tojfast gear 34. The'table is ,thereforevmoved at fast'sp'eed in -the same 68 throws 'lever 60tofthe left (Fig; 11) and gear 50 t0 33. The table is thereby traversed rapidly backward, the- .passes idly by the lever 61 in the manner eretofore described and This fast traversmgmovement continues engages lever'60. Dog

from the forward driving the fastbaokward driving gear direction of rotation of the. dog wheel reversing therewith. The dog 69- shown in Fig. 11.

, until dog 67 engages and moves lever to the right, thus moving clutch 37 from gear '33 to gear 50. .Clutch 38 still being in en- I gagement with the fast forward driving gear "the operations tomatlc.

34, the table movement will be reversed to rapid forward, the direction of rotation of the dog wheel reversing therewith. The dog 69 next moves the lever 61t0 the right and the clutch 38 from fast gear 34 toslow gear 39. The table now moves slowly' forward at cuttin s eed and is a ain automaticall controlled. by the dogv wheel through the cycle just described.' It will be'noted that throughout are entirely au- It should be understood that if desired the forward movement of. the. table. may be broken up into a plurality 'of fastiand 'slow' movements whereby to operate successively .on several work pleces. To so operate the table, the dog wheel should beprovided with as many pairs of dogs 69 and 70 as there are pieces of work whereby each dog 69 pro- I vides a slow table movement for cutting a work piece and its adjacent dog 70 provides a fast table-movement in the same direction between adjacent work pieces.

. Means is provided for stopping the table at the end of the backwardtraversing move- .ment after the completion of-each cycle of operations, when desired, thus rendering the.

machine semi-automatic in operation. For

this purpose I provide a-latch 71 pivoted to I the bearing 72 at 73. This latch. in operation is adaptedto engage a projection 74 on the lever 60. In Fig. 11, the latch is shown in its operative position. When not in use the latch may be thrown backwardly about its pivot 73 to the other side of bearing '72. It will be. noted that the engaging surfaces of latch 71 andprojection 74 are bevelled ononeside and straight on the other. The bevelledsurfaces permit .the dog 68 to move the lever 60 to the left to engage the clutch 37 with its fast traversing gear 33. However when dog 67 next. engages the lever 60 to move clutch 37 from gear 33 to gear 50,

the said straight surfaces engage and stop the lever with the clutch in its neutral position. The table is'therefore stopped at the end of its'backward traversing movement.

The machine thus far described is adapted to operate only as a plain or automatic milling machine of the reciprocating type. During such operation, the table 7 is locked to the slide'20 by means hereinafter described. Mechanism will now be described whereby the machine may be operated as a continuous milling machine of the combined reciproeating and indexing type. Table indexing w milling The table 7 is rotatably mounted on the slide 20 as shownin Fig. 4. When using the mechanism for continuous.

machine as a continuous inillin machine, the tableis automatically indexe upon the return movement of the slide, such indexing being accomplished through a third'clutch 75. Referring particularly-to Figs. 4 and 13,

is driven from an idler gear 78 freely mounts ed on axis 31 meshing with gears 76 and a gear 79 faston clutchshaft 36. Shaft'77 may bedriven from gear 76 by engaging therewith clutch which is splined to the shaft.

The table is adapted to be rotated from y the shaft 77 by the following mechanism: I

A gear 80 fast on shaft 77 meshes with a gear 81 forming one part of a frictional element 82 on a shaft 83. Removable gears 84 and 85 on shafts'83 and 86'provide chan e gears hereinafter described whereby t e sfipeed of the table indexing may be varied. ears,87, 88, 89 -and:90 provide 'a driving connection between shaft 86 and a. splined shaft 91 journaled in the saddle and extending along the ways 21 thereof and through the slide. The slide carries a bracket or box 92 support ng a pair of intermeshing' gears gear 94 and worm v 95'are secured together in axial allnement. '1 v Table locking'meohan-z'sm. v The table is normally held against rotationon the slide by mechanism comprising a pair of lock bolts. This mechanism and the means for operating the same is best shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 11. The table 7 is provided with a circumferential downwardly-extending extension 97 having four notches 98 therein 90 apart. These notches are adapted to'be engaged by diametrically opposite lock bolts 99 slidably mounted in guideways in the slide 20. Each lock bolt slides between a plane gib 100 and a tapered gib 101, the latter belng adjustablelongitudinally for wear by means of a screw 101% Each lock bolt hasv secured to its under side a peculiar shaped plate 102. This plate has a projection 102 at one side and a tail 102 at its other side. A spring 103 positioned at each side of the lock bolts has one end resting against the projection 102 of one plate and against the tail 102 of the other plate whereby "such springs operate to normally force the bolts outwardly into engagement with the notches 98. The tail 102 of each plate is connected by a swivel block 104 to a plate, 105 swivelled on the center pin 24. As

thus far described, both look bolts are alike. The springs 103 operate to normally force the bolts radially outward in opposite directions and into notches 98. Rotary movement of the swivel plate 105 in the direction 70 I a clutch gear 76 loose on a clutch shaft 77 93 and 94 and-a Worm 95 engaging a large worm gear 96.secured to the under side of i the table. .The gear 93 is splined for longi Y tudinal movement on the shaft 91 and the.

of'the-arrow' (Fig. 3) will operate against the action ofthe springs 103 to withdraw. both bolts from en 'agement with such notches. This swivel plate 105 is rotated and the lock bolts withdrawn from'their notches by a plunger extension 106 of one or the otherof the bolts which passes through the wall of the slide and is adapted to contact with a. hunter stop 107 adjustab ly mounted uponand clamped to the dovetail guideway 1 1 ofthe saddle 14. In the usual and automatic operation of the machine, the plunger extension'106 will en age the stop 107 (in the position shown in ig. 3-) and dlsengage the lock bolts at the finishing of each milling operation and just prior to the engagement of the slide backward traversing and table rotating clutches.

When operating the machine with four pieces of work placed 90 apart on the table as illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15, it is necessary at each indexing to rotate'the table 90. The mechanism for automatically releasing the table has just been described and.

that forindexing the same through the desiredang le will be hereinafter described.

As before stated, the. table is automatically indexed upon the backward movement of the lide, the indexing and backward traversing being sotimed that the cutter is held in position between 'two adjacent pieces of work during the indexing operation.- The clutch operating arrangement is: such that, the table is started to .index simultaneously with the sarting of the said traversing movement thereof. Clutch is operated by a yoke 108 on a shaft 109, a spring pressed detent 10 8 acting on theyoke to assist in fully engaging the clutch. Shaft 109 is operated from a clutch shifting lever 110- through gears 111'and 112, shaft 113, and

. 1 drawn outwardl gears 114: and 115, lever 110v being loosely. mounted and gear 115 being pinned to the.

shaft. A pull ,pin 116 is provided in-lever 110 and, in its lever operating. position, ex.- tends across the path of movement of lever 60. as shown in Fig. '13. The pin may be when desired. 11 the operation heretofore described, the dog 68 throws lever 60 to the left (Fig. 11) and movesclutch 37 from the forward driving gear 50 to the fastbackward driving gear 33. The table is thereby traversed rapidly backward. This movement of lever 60 carries lever 110-therewith and shifts clutch 75 into engagement with" clutch gear 76. The rotationof the table is: thereby started simultaneously with the backward traversing movement thereof, the 00 table. of course. having been unlocked-at the end of the milling stroke by the hunter stop 107, as heretofore described. This rotary indexing of the table must be stopped and the table locked after thesame has been inldexed through the desired angle. The in away from such path dexing movement is stoppedby mechanism automatically disengaging the clutch 75 which mechanism will now be described.

' Referring particularly'to Figs. 5 and 13, a shaft 117 has a ratchet 118 keyed thereto and is driven by a gear ll9 thereon meshing with gear 76. A single lobe cam 120 is freely mounted on the shaft 117 adjacent the ratchet 'and carries a ratchet pawl 121 pivoted thereto. A spring plunger 122 nor mally forces the pawl lnto engagement with the ratchet. A latchpivoted at 123 has one arm 124 normally held by a spring pressed plunger125 in a position to hold the pawl 121' disengaged from the. ratchet 118. A second arm 126 of the latch has ashoe 126 thereon in position to be engaged by a cam 127 on a shaft 128. This shaft is ada ted to be rotated from shaft 86 by means o-- gears 129 and 130 respectively on shafts 86 and 131,

and through-either gears 132 andi133' or gears 134 and 135. When driving through i gears 132 and 133, the shaft 128 is rotated one complete rotation for each quarter turn of the table 7. When driving through gears complete rotation for each half turn of the ta e 7. handle 137 (Fig. 12) is'adapt'ed 'to render. gears 132 and. 133 or gears 134 and 135 op-. erative. a I i i 9U 1'34 and 135, the shaft 128 is'rotated one i A sliding key 136 operated by a p p A spring pressed detent 138 normally en'-- practically completedthe-desired indexing movement.

The pawl 5121 thereupon. en-- gages the rotating ratchet 118 and rotates.

the lobe "cam120 therewith. -One complete rofation of this cam brings the hi h portionthereof against the arm 108 of t 1e yoke 108 and disengages the. clutch 75. The

ratchet 118 rotates relatively rapidl therefore the clutch 75 is disengage quickly after the latch is tripped; Itshould and very

be undersfood that by adjust-mg the sliding I key 136, the mechanism "ust d'escribedfmay be made to. automatica ly disengage "theclutch 75 upon .the rotat on ofthe table through either 90 0r180.

It is furthermore essential that the 'l'ock I bolts 99 should be held in a disengaged position durin'g the indexing ofthe table.

This operation is performed automatically.

either for-a 90 or a table indexing movement by the following mechanism: The plate 102 of one of the lock bolts :is

provided with 9. lug 139 (Figs. 3 and 4) having a front bevelled face and a rear Theengagement ofclutch 75 causes 105 era'te to trip the latch until the table has straight face. This lug is adapted to be engaged by the latch end of a plunger 140 normally pressed against the lug by a spring 141. lVhen the lock bolts are moved inwardly by the engagement of the plunger 106v with thebunter stop 107, the plunger 140 latches behind the'lug 139 and holds the bolts disengaged. The mechanism now to be described operates automatically to disengage the latch 140 after the desired indexing of the table.

A worm 142, splincd to the shaft 91 and carried by the slide (Figs. 3 and 5), meshes with a worm wheel 143 on a shaft 144. Two gears 145 and 146 fast onshaft 144 mesh respectively with two gears 147' and 148 loose on a shaft 149. The shaft 149 may be operated through either pair of gears 145 and 147 or 146 and 148 by means of a sliding key 150 operated by a handle151 to connect either of geaags147 and 148 with ts shaft 149. A trip cam 152 on the shaft 149 is adapted to engage an arm 153 of a pivthat the milling cutter 3 is held clear be-' E 148 the table is permitted a 180 rotation before beingflocked. Should the table be locked slightly in advance of the disengagement of clutch 75, the friction element 82 will slip and thereby prevent any damage to the machine. I

' The traversing and indexing movements of the slide 20 and table 7 must be so related I tween two adjacent pieces of work during such operations. This relation must necessarily be adjusted to conform to. the number of work pieces on thetable and to the size and shape of such pieces. The mechanism already de'scribed'provides for indexing the table through either 90 or 180, thus provid- 1 ing for the milling of either four OY-tWO work pieces on the table. However, the variationin the size and shape of the work pieces operated upon makes essential a change of table indexing speedrelative to the traversing speed, as otherwise an inter- 'ference between the work and cutter would result. The change of indexing speed is accomplished through the gears 84 and 85. These'gears may be transposedto effect one change of speed and other gears may be substituted therefor to effect other changes. The need for this adjustment is illustrated diagrammaticallyin Figs. 14 and 15 and will I now be described.

and in the first position, marked A, the table has just finished a movement in the cutting direction (to the right). The clutches 37 and now come into operation to traverse the table to the left and index the same clockwise, as shown by the arrows. Since there are four pieces ofwork placed apart, the table mustbe indexed through 90 to bring a new piece in front of the cutter. The views marked B, C, D, E, F and G show the several relative positions occupied by the cutter and work during indexing and trave'rsmg movements. In Fig. 14, at position B, the table is illus trated ashaving indexed through 15 while the same has been traversing 1 These relative movements continue throughout the entire indexing operation as illustrated. in positions C, D, E, F and G. At position G, the table has completed the 90 indexing during 9 of table traverse and a rough piece of work 7 is in front of the cutter ready for the next milling operation. It will be noted that throughout the entire operation, as illustrated, the cutter at no time interferes with the work pieces. 7

In Fig. 15, the table is shown as provided with work pieces of a different size and shape. Were the indexing and traversing movements-shown in ,Fig. 14 used on long work, such as that shown in Fig. 15, an interference would occur between the work and cutter during the traversing and indexing operations. In this figure, it will be noted that the table indexes 15 for each 2 of table traverse'or the entire 90 during 15 of table traverse. It will be noted that as so operated the cutter and work pieces at no time come into interference.

It should be understood that in Figs. 14 and 15, the linear stroke of the table illustrated is not necessarily the full linear stroke of the table. The diagrams are intended to illustrate progressively only certain relative positions occupied by the work and cutter during the indexing and traversing move- 'ments. As before stated, the indexing speed relative to the traversing speed may be (hanged either. by transposing gears 84 and 85 or by substituting other gears therefor,

Operation-0oniinuoue straight line milling.

The several adjustable partsof the machine just described must first be adjusted to conform to the number of work pieces to be mounted on the table and to the size and shape of slich pieces. The dogs 67, 68, 69 and-7Q must first be properly adjusted on the the progress of the I dog wheel 62 to give the desired reciprocatmg operation, the dogs 68 and 70 should be set to the same position on the dog wheel whereby both such dogs will operate'substantially simultaneously, as will be hereinafter described. When milling with four pieces of work on the table as illustrated in Figs. 14 and 15, the table must be indexed 90 between adjacent work pieces. To perform these operations, the sliding key'136 is set in position to drive the cam shaft 128 through gears 132 and 133 whereby clutch 75 will be disengaged after the. table has been rotated 90. The sliding key 150 is set imposition to drive the tri cam shaft 149 through gears 145 and 147 w iereby the table will again be locked after a 90 rotation thereof. Gears 84 and 85 of the proper ratio must also be provided to index the table at a speed relative to the backward traversing speed whereby the cutter will be kept free from interference with the .work pieces during the traversing and indexing operations.

Assuming thatthe above adjustments have been properly made, that two rough pieces of work have been secured to the table as at 1' in Fig. 14, and that the table is in the position shown at G, levers 60 and 61 are moved to the right (Fig. 11) whereby clutches 37 and-38 are engaged respectively with clutch gears and 39 to drivethe slide forw'ardat slow cutting speed, to the right (Fig. 3). During this interval, the table moves linearlv from the position shown at G to the posiwork piece 1' shown at G hasbeen finished and the dogs as shown at f in view A. As the table reaches the position shown at A in Fig. 14, the same is unlocked from the slide by the plunger 106 engaging-the hunter stop107 as heretofore described. \Vhen the .lock bolts 99 are forced inwardly, the plunger 140 latches behind. the lug 139 thereon and holds the bolts disengaged. During the cutting operation, the dog wheel 62 has'been rotating in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 11) 68 and 70 (set to same position on wheel 62) engage and 1nove levers and 61 to the left and shift clutches 37 and 38 into engagement with gears 33 and 34. .By

means of pin 116, lever 60 also carries lever 110 therewith and shifts clutch 75 into engagement with clutch gear 76. The slide and table are thereby reversed and rapidly traversed and the table is rotatably in exed in the direction of the arrows (Fig. 14). the direction of rotation of the dog wheel reversing with the reversal ,of the slide. At

the end of a 90 rotation of the table, the cam 127 releases pawl 121 which engages rat'chet118 and rotates the lobe cam 120 to disengage clutch? 5. The trip cam 152 also withdraws the plunger 140 slightly before the end of this 90 rotation whereby the movements to the slide. .20. For this tion shown at A wherein the uppermostmovement.

.ing

look bolts 99 again engage in notches 98 and I lock the table in its indexed position. The

indexing operation thus being completed, the traversing of-the slide continues until the dog 67 moves lever 60 to-the right (Fig. 11) and engages clutch 37 with clutch gear 50. The c1ut.ch 38 still being engaged with clutch gear 34 the slide is reversed and driven rapidly forward, the dog wheel reversing therewith. Vhen the work approaches .the cutter, as'illustrated at G In Fig. 14, the dog 69mo'ves lever 61 to the right and engages clutch 38 with gear 39 wvhereby the slide is moved slowly at cutting 'speed, this operation being that. shown from G to A in Figs. 14 and 15. This cycle of operations when once started is continuous and automatic, the operator only being re'- quired to change the work while on the tableat a position removed from the cutter.

It will'be noted that each lock bolt 99 isprovided with a plungerextension 106. For

rightof the slide, as shown in Fig. 3, where the automatic operation of the machine just described, the hunter stop 107 is placed at the therefore indexing in the above described automatic manner is'impossible. In performing such operations, the table is reversed and traversed back to its starting point without indexing, the indexing thereof be ing performed by hand after the traversing.

movement. Since automatic indexing is not to be performed the pull pin 116 must be withdrawn from thepath of movement of lever 60 whereby clutch 75 will not be shifted into engagement with its driving gear 76.

Also since indexing is to beperformed atthe end of the backward movement, it is necessary that the table should be unlocked at that time. To perform this operation. the hunter stop 107 is secured to the guideway 14 at the opposite sideof the table from that shown in Fig. 3. In such position, the same will be engaged by the other plunger 106 in a manner .to unlock the table at the end of the backward movement. It will be understood that when performing this milling operation, latch 71 is placed in its operative position whereby to always stop the slide at the end of its backward As stated above, the slideand table may be stopped at the end of the! ackward traversmovement, when desired, by means of the latch 71. The operator may also at times desire to stop the slide and table in the position shown at A in Fig. 14, i. ve., at the end of a. cut and'before the table is indexed.

. This would most ordinarily occur when'the operator had been. unable to ichange the work and desired to do so before the indexpr'essed lug 158 on the lever' 110.' The Y the left. If during-the cutting operation,. the operator wishes to stopthe machine at the end thereof, he movesgthe bar 154- bevelled surfaces permit the movement of the-lever 110' to the right (Fig. 11): but the bar when moved into the path of the lug 158 prevents movement-of the lever 1l0 to inwardly by'mea ns of handle 156. Then when dog 68 moves lever 60 to the left to traverse and index thetable, thesame is permitted only suflicient movement to dis- I I engage clutch 37 from gear 50, the bar 154 and pin 116 preventing the movement of levers 110 and 60 to engage clutches 75 and 37 for the indexinga'nd backward traversing movements. The operations are thus brought, to astandstill until again manually started by the operator. I

When the operator is making adjustments or is in a position wherein a starting of the 'machine would be dangerous, it is desirable that the same be positively locked against such an occurrence. The two latches above described, namely, latch 71 and ba'r154 provide such a positive locking mechanism. It will be notedthat latch 71" revents .the

- movement of lever 60to the-rig t (Fig. 11)

. neutral. position.

and that the bar 154 prevents the movement of such lever'and lever 110 to the left. Therefore when the latches are both engaged to' prevent such movement of these levers clutches 37'. and 75 are positively held in a It will be remembered that clutch 38 can operate the mechanism only through clutch 37. Therefore when a clutches 37-and 75 arelocked in neutral, the

' operation.

machine is positively prevented from power 3 Rotary milling. i

As heretofore stated, the machine illus trated' is adapted to be used as a rotary milling machine as well as a' milling ma} chine of the reciproc'atmgtyp'e, the same change gears and automatic features of the "reciprocating mechanism being operative for rotary milling merely by making certain minor adjustments. I chine in this manner, the sl'de 20 is secured against movement on the saddle 14 by means ,of two hook bolts 159 mounted in the slide and engaging the edge 14 of the saddle dove-tailed guideway 14:

When using the ma- The rotation of the table is accomplished through clutches 37 and 38. Clutch is rendered inoperative during rotary milling by withdrawing the pull pm 116 from the path of movementof lever 60. It will be.

noted that gear 54 is mounted on a swinging bracket 160. This bracket is freely mounted 'on the clutchshaft 35 and the gear 54 is always in mesh with its-driving gear '53.

This bracket may be swung about the shaft 35 to. engage gear 54 either with the gear- 55 on the screw 51 or with gear 88 ofthe table rotating train ofgears. As shown in 5, the gear 'box is slotted to receive a boll. 161 therethrough whereby the bracket may be thus adjusted and clamped in eitherof its positions. i

When the gear 54 is adjusted into mesh with gear 88 to rotate the table, it is preferable to remove thegear 'whereby'the clutch shaft 77 and'its gearing is rendered inoperative. The sliding keys 136- and 150. should also be placed in the neutral position whereby to render thetr'ip latches of the table indexing and table locking mechanisms idle. Otherwise the table is free to rotate in the usual-manner.

The dog wheel .62 which clutch-shaft 35 for each full reciprocation of the slide 20 in linear milling. -One full rotation of the table requires considerably more rotations of the shaft 35 than does a full reciprocation is driven by is adapted to make one com plete rotation for each table rotation in rotary milling and nearly'a complete rotation of the slide. For this reason, the dog wheel mustbe driven from shaft 35 at a relatively slower speed in rotary milling. The dog wheel has heretofore been described, in'reference to linear-milling, as being driven from shaft 35 through ears 63 and 64. It will be noted that two 0t er gears 162 and 163 of a difl'erentratio are provided on the same shafts with gears 63 and 64. Gears 64 and 163 are loose on their-shaft and a sliding key 164 operated by a handle 165 is provided for connecting either gear to the shaft. Thus i I the dog wheel may be driven through gears 63 and 64 for linear milling and through 1-]. 5

gears 162 and 163 for rotary milling. Such two pairs of gears are of such ratio as to rotate the dog wheel atthe relative speeds described above.

. It will" be understood that in ,rotary'milling, a backward rotation of the table is unnecessary. The automatic controlling of the table operations therefore comprise only a .movement of the clutch 38 to rotate the table forwardly alternately. at fast and slow speeds, the dog wheel ofcourse rotating only in. a single direction, namely, in the direcdog wheel and 'as many other controlling dogs like dogs 69 and 70 are mounted on the 'tion of the arrow shown iii-Fig. 11.. Dogs 67 and 68 are therefore removed from the wheel as are necessary to properly control as many pairs of dogs as there are pieces of work on the table whereby the dogs 69 and 7,0 of each pair will alternately throw the lever 61 to the right and left (Fig. 11)v to alternately engage clutch 38 with gears 39 and 34 to alternately rotate the table at V cutting speed during the cutting of a work pieceand'at fast speed to bring the next I piece of work to the cutter.- This operation is continuous and fully automatic, the operator being required only to change the work pieces as they come to a position removed It will furthermore be' noted that the cutting speed of the table from the cutter.

may be varied by the same change gears used 'in linear milling, namely, gears 43, 44c,- 45 .and 46. 7 I a A backward rotation of the table is not only unnecessary in rotary milling, as above described, but such a movement thereof is quite undesirable since such an occurrence mlght mar the finished work. To so rotate the table it would be necessary to engage the clutch' 37'with the backward driving clutch gear 33. Such engagement is, however, positively prevented during rotary milling y the following mechanism: Anarm 166 is mounted onthe same tubular shaft with clutch lever 60,

-.namely, shaft 58 (Fig. 4). A rod 167 connected to the lower end of this arm extends through thegear box (Fig. 11'). An arm 168 (Fig. 5).is pivotally. mounted-on the. shaft carrying gears 63 and 162. Alink 169 connects this arm with the swinging bracket' 160 whereby swinging movement of the bracket swings the arm. When the bracket is moved to engage gear 54'w1th gear'88 for rotarymillirig thelend of the arm is swunginto the path of movement of rod 167, as

shown. in dotand dash linesin'Fig. 5. In

I .kjISHCh'pOSltiOD, it 'willbelnoted that lever cannot be moved to 1 engage elutchS'Z with 1 "50 the backward driving clutch gear 33.

lVhat I claim is: 7 I "11. A combined linear and rotary milling machine comprising the combination of a cutter spindle, a work .table adapted to be freciprocated bodily past .the spindle in a linear path or to be continuously rotated past thespindle at cuttingspeed, a screw for reciprocating the table, mechanism for "rotating the table, a-power shaft beneath .the table, clutches for individually o eratin'g either-the said screw or mechanism rom the shaft, and separate means including a controlling element common to the screw andmechanism for automatically "con'trollmg both said table. movements.

2. combined linear and rotary milling machine comprising the combination of a base, a cutter spindle mounted therein, a knee vertically'movable on the base, a slide onthe knee, awork table rotatably'mounted on the slide and adapted to be moved therewithbodily past the spindle. in a linear path at cutting speed or'to .be continuously 'rotated past the spindle at cutting speed, and a common power means in. the knee having path or i to continuously rotate thetable.

'3. A combined linear and rotary milling machine comprising the combination. of a clutches thereon operative either to re'ciprocate the slide and table in the saidlinear base, a cutter spindle mounted therein, a

knee vertically movable on the base, a work table on the knee adapted to be moved bodily past thespindle in a linear'path at cutting speed or to ,be continuously rotated past the means in the reciprocate the table in its linear path or to continuously rotate the table, and means-including a plurality of automatically actuate-d clutches in the kneelforauto-matically controlling both said table movements.

4;. In a milling machine, the combination of a base, a cutter spindlemounted therein, a knee-vertically movable on the base, a work spindle at cuttin: speed, acommon power ee operative either to table on the knee, power means in the knee for, reciprocating the table to move the same past the spindle, means including a plural ityof clutches in the knee for automatically controlling the table movement for impart ing fast and slow speeds-to the table in the feeding direction, and means whereby the said power means may be made operative to continuously rotate the table.

5.,In a milling m'achme,'the combination of a base, a cutter spindle mounted therein, v

aknee vertically movable onthe base, a work table on the knee adapted to be moved bodily past the .spindle in a linear path or to be continuously rotated past" the spindle at cutting speed, a commonpower means in the kneeoperative either; to reciprocate the table in its linear path or to continuously rotate the table, and means'including a plu-- '-rality of clutches in the knee for automatically controlling :each of. the said table movements for imparting fast and slow speeds thereto in the table feeding direction.

6. A combined lineariand. rotary milling machine comprising the combination ,ofa

base, a cutter. spindle mounted therein, .a

knee vertically movable. onthe base, a slide on the knee, :1 work table rotatablymounted on the slide and adapted to be moved. there-I with bodily past the. spindle in a linear path; at cutting speed or to be -continuously rolift? 'tated past the spindle at cutting'speed,.a" I

powerelementin the knee, change speed gearing operated bythe power element, and

means whereby thepower element operates 'linear pathor to be.

base, a cutter spindle mounted therein, a

knee vertically n'lovable on the base, a slide on the knee, a work table rotatably mounted on the slide and adapted to be moved therewith bodily past the-spindle in a linear path at cutting speed or to be continuously rotated past the spindle at cutting speed, a power element. in the knee, change speed gearing operated by the power element, means whereby the power element operates through the said change speed gearing to either reciprocate the table in its linear-path or to continuously rotate the table. and means including a plurality of clutches in the'knee for. automatically controlling both said table movements topper-ate said table at varying speeds. f

'8. A combined linear and rotary milling machine comprising the combination ofa cutter spindle, a work table adapted to be reciprocated bodily pgst the spindle in a I continuously rotated past the spindle at cutting speed, a screw for reciprocating the table, gearing for operating the screw, mechanism for rotating the table, gearing for operating the said mech anism, awower shaft beneath the table, an idler gear driven from the shaft, a bracket supporting the gear and adjustable in a manner to mesh the gear with either of the said gearing for operating either the screw or the said mechanism from the shaft.

9. A combined linear and rotary millingmachine comprising the combination of a cutter spindle. a work table, power means for reciprocating the table past the spindle, means including a plurality of clutches for automatically controlling the table movement for imparting fast and slow speeds to the table in the feeding direction and'fast speed thereto in the backward direction, means whereby the said power means may be made operative to continuously rotate the table, and an interlocking mechanism for preventing the throwing in of the backward .dri-ving clutch when the mechanism is in such table rotating position.

10. A combined lienar and rotary millinging the screw, mechanism for rotating the table, gearing for operating the said mechanism, a power shaft, means whereby the shaft may be operatively connected with either of the said gearing for operating either the screw or the sald mechanism from the shaft. means including a plurality of clutchesfor automatically controlling the table movement for imparting fast and slow speeds to the table in the feeding direction and fast speed thereto in the backward (lirect-ion, and an interlocking mechanism for preventing the throwing in of the backward driving clutch when the power shaft is operativcly connected to the table rotating mechanism.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a reciprocating member,

,means including a plurality ofclutches for reciprocating the member at variable speeds in one direction and at a constant return speed, a clutch operating element connected to each clutch, a dog wheel rotatable in opposite, directions synchronously with the movement of the member and having dogs adjustab e thereon and operative on the said elements for continuously and automatically reciprocating the member as described, and means for positively locking certain of the clutch operating means against movement whereby the reciprocating mechanism is rendered inoperative on the said member.

12. In a milling machine, the combination of a work support, a spindle adapted to support a milling cutter thereon adjacent the work support,"means including a plurality of clutches for reciprocating and rotatably indexing the support. and means including a dog wheel rotatable synchronously with the reciprocations for controlling the clutches whereby thesupport is automatically reciprocated and rotatably indexed synchronously with and on the'backward stroke thereof, the indexing operation being adapted to place an'unmilled piece of work in front of the cutter ready for a milling operation thereon.

13. In a milling machine, the combination of a slide, a rotary work support thereon,

a spindle adapted to support a milling cutter thereon adjacent the work support, means including a plurality of clutches for reciprocating the sllde and rotatably indexing the support, a dog wheel rotatable synchronously with the reciprocations' and having adjustable dogs thereon for controlling the clutches whereby the support is automatically reci'procated and the indexing clutch thrown into engagement, and automatic means for throwing the indexing clutch out of engagement at the end of the desired indexing movement, the indexing operation being adapted to place an unmilled piece of work in front of the cutter ready for a milling operation thereon.

1a. In a milling machine, the'combination of a work support, a spindle adapted .to support a milling cutter thereon adjacent the work support, means including a pair of clutches for reciprocating thesupport at variable speeds in one direction, means ineluding a clutch for rotatably indexing the support synchronously with and during its backward stroke, means including a dog wheel rotatable synchronously with the reciprocations for controlling the clutches and having adjustable dogs thereon whereby 5' the support is automatically reciprocated through variable distances and rotatably indexed synchronously with and on the backward stroke thereof, and means whereby the do e wheel may be rendered inoperative on the indexing clutch to eliminate the indexing operation.

In testimony whereof, I hereto aflix my signature.

- FREDERICK C, ALLEN. 

